ʻO ka papa hana koʻikoʻi o ke kila kila alumina i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka keramika, ʻo ia ka uhi keramika i hana ʻia me ka alumina maʻemaʻe kiʻekiʻe (α-Al₂O₃). Loaʻa i kēia mea kahi ʻano kristal corundum paʻa, me ka paʻakikī e hiki ana i ka HRA 85 a i ʻole ma luna (Vickers hardness HV 1000-1600) a me ka nui o 3.6-3.9 g/cm³. ʻO ka hana nui o ka uhi keramika alumina, ʻo ia ke kū i ka ʻino nui o nā ʻāpana paʻa ma nā wahi hoʻohuli a me ka hui ʻana o nā pipelines. Ua hoʻāʻo ʻia kona kūpaʻa ʻana i ka ʻaʻahu ma ke keʻena hoʻokolohua he 266 mau manawa o ke kila manganese a he 171.5 mau manawa o ka hao i hoʻolei ʻia me ka chromium kiʻekiʻe. Hōʻike ka ʻikepili noi ʻoihana e hiki i kēia uhi ke hoʻolōʻihi i ke ola lawelawe o nā paipu ma mua o ʻumi mau manawa. Eia kekahi, paʻa a kūlike ka alumina i nā kemika, e hāʻawi ana i ke kūʻē ʻana i nā waikawa, alkalis, paʻakai, a me nā mea olaola i loko o nā mahana a me nā pae hoʻohuihui kikoʻī.
Hoʻohana ʻia nā tee kila alumina i hoʻopaʻa ʻia i ka keramika a me nā ʻano ʻoihana like ʻole. I loko o nā ʻōnaehana mana wela, hoʻohana ʻia lākou i nā paipu lawe pauka lanahu, nā ʻōnaehana pulverizing, nā paipu wehe lehu, a me nā ʻōnaehana wehe lepo. I ka ʻoihana mining, kūpono lākou no ka lawe ʻana i ka slurry, ka lawe ʻana i nā tailings, ka lawe ʻana i ka concentrate, a me nā paipu lawe lanahu maʻemaʻe i nā hale hana hoʻomākaukau lanahu kaumaha. Ma ke kahua metallurgy hao a me ke kila, hoʻohana ʻia lākou i nā ʻōnaehana wehe lepo umu pahū, nā laina lawe slag, a me ka lawe ʻana i nā mea i ka wā o nā kaʻina hana hoʻoheheʻe. I ka ʻoihana sima, hoʻohana ʻia lākou i nā ʻōnaehana lawe pneumatic no ka palaoa maka, clinker, a me ka lehu lele. I ka ʻāpana kemika, kūpono lākou no nā paipu e lawe ana i nā mea corrosive a me nā mea abrasive. Ma nā kikowaena awa, hoʻohana ʻia lākou no ka lawe ʻana i ka slurry a me ka sediment. Eia kekahi, hiki ke hoʻohana ʻia kēia huahana no nā noi kūikawā e like me ka lawe ʻana i ka alumini i hoʻoheheʻe ʻia.
I ke koho ʻana, pono e noʻonoʻo ʻia nā mea e like me nā ʻano waena, ka nui o ka ʻāpana, ka mahana lawe, a me ke kihi hopena e hoʻoholo ai i ka mānoanoa o ka papa seramika (maʻamau 4-20mm), ka maʻemaʻe alumina, a me ke ʻano hoʻohui paipu waho (flanged, welded, etc.). ʻOiai ʻoi aku ke kiʻekiʻe o ka hoʻopukapuka mua no kēia kūpono ma mua o nā paipu kila maʻamau, ʻo kona ola lawelawe i hoʻolōʻihi nui ʻia a me ka hōʻemi nui ʻana i nā kumukūʻai downtime a me ka mālama ʻana e lilo ia i hopena kūpono loa no nā kūlana ʻino a me ka pala.
Ka manawa hoʻouna: Malaki-14-2026